Ahmad Shah, Shihab al-Din
- Ahmad Shah, Shihab al-Din
(?-1442)
A grandson of the first sultan of Gujarat Muzaffar Shah (1407-1410), he came to the throne in 1411. Suspected of having poisoned his grandfather, his accession was opposed by one of his uncles. He overcame this challenge by creating a division in the ranks of his adversaries. In 1413, Ahmad Shah founded Ahmadabad on the bank of the Sabarmati River and shifted his capital from Naharwala to this new township. The following year (1414), he suppressed disgruntled nobles led by Shah Malik who were supported by several powerful local chiefs, as well as by Sultan Hoshang of Malwa.
Ahmad Shah got involved in a prolonged conflict with the sultanate of Khandesh and the Bahmani kingdom in 1430, which led to frustrating the Bahmanis' designs on Mahim and Baglana (1432). In 1437, after having suppressed the Rajput chiefs on the northern periphery of Gujarat, Ahmad Shah forced the Sisodiya ruler of Mewar to pay tribute. The following year (1438), he intervened in the tussle for succession in Malwa on the side of Sultan Hoshang's sons and against Mahmud Khalji but was forced to withdraw because of a pestilence. He died on 12 August 1442. Side by side with disciplining the nobility and suppressing the hereditary chiefs, Ahmad Shah built a credible army organization identified with a system of land-grants-cum-cash payments. While inducting many non-Muslims in the nobility, Ahmad Shah on the whole deployed an attitude of religious intolerance by imposing discriminatory jiziya and also by destroying several temples during his military campaigns.
Historical dictionary of Medieval India.
Iqtidar Alam Khan.
2011.
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